14 November 2010

Darshans of Shrinathji

In addition to my earlier post, thought of collating the eight Darshans of Shrinathji, which is quite awesome! It is taken from the official Shrinathji website.

Mangla Darshan
This is the first darshan of the day. The name Mangla underlines auspiciousness of beginning the day with a glimpse of lord. In winter this darshan takes place before sunrise, while in summer, it is later.

During Mangla darshan, the main doors of the sanctum are kept closed and are only opened after the customary initial rituals. This ensures that the drowsy divine child is not startled by large crowds rushing in to see him. It also accords with the mood of the darshan, which is bala bhava, the feelings of a parent concerned about a child's well - being another idea underlying the closed doors is that the svarupa should not be tempted to play with his young companions as opening doors might tempt him to run out!

In summer, Shrinathji is clad simply in an adbandha, a light dhoti. In winter, he keeps warm with a quilted coat. His flute is not placed in his hand, for it is felt that if he were to play it early in the morning, everyone would be enchanted and all work would come to a standstill! Arti is offered to Shrinathji during this darshana. This ritual banishes the evil spirits which hover around in the darkness of the night, seeking to cause harm. This morning darshana is dedicated to the memory of paramandadas, one of the asthachhapa poets. The kiratans Sung at this time are in one of the classical morning ragas - Lalita, Bhairava or Vibhasa.

Shringara
The next darshana follows the first by hour and is called shringara. Shrinathji is dressed carefully from head to foot, and a garland of flowers is placed around his neck. A Mukhiya holds a mirror in front of him so that he can satisfy himself that, he is well dressed. This is his play hour like that of any other child, and he is offered dry fruits and sweets representing food brought to him by his beloved gopis. This explains why he is called gopivallabha.

It is only after this meal that Shrinathji's flute is placed in his hand, so that he can delight Swamiji - Shri Radha - with the tunes she loves. The ragas sung during this darshana are Ramakali, Gunakali and Bilaval. The poet Nandadas is considered the main singer.








Gwal
The third darshana takes place at the hour when the lord takes his cows to pasture. The Mukhiya of the Gaushala (Cowpen) of Nathdwara visits Shrinathji at this time to inform him that all his Cows are well. He is then offered makhan mishri, a light dish with a milk base. The refreshments offered at gwala darshana have to be light, since the lord is believed to have already eaten the comparatively rich foods offered to him by the gopis earlier. Neither flowers nor his flute are shown during this darshana it is assumed that he will be playing with his cowherd friends.










Rajbhog

The main meal of the day is offered to Shrinathji at Rajabhog. Vitthalnathji, the son of the founder of Pushti Marga, has planned this as the most elaborate darshana of all. A temple priest ascends to the terrace prior to the darshana and calls out, 'Mala Begi Laiyo!!' (bring the garland quickly). This loud call heard over a wide area, dates back to the time when Shrinathji was at Mount Govardhana. The flower garden of the temple used to be located at Chandra Sarovar, Nathdwara. 'The call for the Garland' is the signal for the darshan to be opened to the crowds waiting to catch a glimpse of the lord. The rhythmic sound of drums is heard, excitement mounts, and the doors are flung open. This Darshan is open for a longer time than all the other Darshans.

After the call for Shreeji’s Mala; Shivji is called for taking ShreeNathji’s Darshans. When ShreeNathji shifted to Nathdwara, Shivji also was pratishted in a mandir near the Banas River. At this Rajbhog Darshan, it is believed that sakshat Shivji is seated on the round semicircle before Shreeji, in the Dolti Bari doing ShreeNathji’s Darshans. That is why no one should step on this circle during these Darshans.

In this Jhanki, Shreeji stands with Lotus and a new Mala (garland). His triangle betel leaves are offered, His Venu (flute) and canes are also there. Aarti is performed in this Darshan.

Shrinathji is seen in all his regal splendor, holding lotus in one hand and wearing an elaborate garland. Beeda (folded betal leaves containing spices), are placed near him, along with a pitcher of water, his beloved flute, cane to play with Genda (Ball) and a mirror. Fine perfumes are sprinkled over the kalash on the roof, and the air is redolent with its scent.

At the end of this darshana the load retires for three hours. This period is known as Anavasara. Recalling his siestas with Swaminiji in meadows of Vrindavana. The chief kirtanakara of this darshana is Kumbhanadas.


Uttaphan
During the afternoon, around 3.30 p.m., Shrinathji is aroused from his nap. A Conch is blown, it is time for him to return home with his Cows. The vina is played followed by kirtana. Surdas, the celebrated blind devotee, mystic and poet, is supposed to be the chief singer of this darshana.

















Bhog

Sixth darshana of the day takes place an hour after Utthapana. A light meal is served to Shrinathji. A Chhadidara stands guard formally dressed in a Pagha (Turban), a Pataka (Sash) and a Gheradar Jama (A Garment with a Flaring Skirt). He holds a staff and wears a golden kada, anklet. The Chhadidara's function is to inform Swaminiji of Shrinathji's arrival, so that she can obtain his darshana and arrange to milk the Cows.

Shrinathji is fanned and a morchhala is waved beside him to remove the possible effects of the evil eye cast while he has been in full view of many people. The main singer for this period is Chaturbhuadas.










Sandhya Aarti
Sandhya Aarti is the evening darshana. This darshana takes place at dusk, when krishna use to bring his Cows home from the fields. The predominant mood is matrubhava (motherly love). The fear of any ill effects resulting from his wonderings in the woods and protects from harm.

After the day’s exertions, his garments now are light. He is offered his flute so that he can enchant his devotees and his Cowherd friends.

To signal end of the day, sudarshana chakra on the roof of the haveli is offered consecrated food, and the seven Dhvajas (flags) are wrapped round their sticks until the next day. Chhitaswami is considered the chief musician for this darshana.







Shyan
The Final Darshana of the day commences only after rasoiya boli, when the priest ascends the terrace of the haveli and calls out - Cook, come early the following day. After this, drumming heralds Darshana. Since it is time for Lord to retire, various eatables are offered to Shrinathji. A singer praises lord in his kiratana, which may take form of an expression of a beloved's emotion and is offered to both Shrinathji and Swaminiji. Paan-Beeda (betal leaves with spices) are again offered to him.

As Shrinathji is about to retire for the night, various arrangements have to be made. His bed chameber is readied for him, with a container of food, a pitcher of drinking water and Paan-Beedas. It is supposed that Shri Radha will join him during the night, her garments and jewels too are kept in readiness.

A carpet is spread on the ground leads from the image of Shrinathji to his bed chamber. It is presumed that he will walk on it in his spiritual, subtle form. The wooden platforms places in Doltibari for the devotees to stand on during darshanas are removed. This ensures that Shrinathji does not encounter any obstacles at night. To enjoy his lilas with his beloved gopis, if he desires the canopies stretched over the open courtyards to protect people from the scorching afternoon sun are also removed. This darshana is usually not held for the six months, from Chaitra Shukla 1 to Ashvin Shukla 9, when Shrinathji is suppose to visit Vraja and reveal himself to the Vrajavasis(residents of vraja).The chief singer of this darshana is Krishanadas.

Shrinathji

Srinathji, the presiding deity at Nathdwara, is the form of seven year old Krishna – who lifted the Govardhana hill to protect Vrindavan from a downpour of rain sent by Indra. It is believed that Lord Krishna’s arms and face first emerged out of the Govardhana hill, and you can see that in Shrinathji’s Moorthi roopam! - He appears with his left hand raised and the right hand closed in a fist and resting on his hip as Bala –Krishna. He lifted the Govardhan hill for 7 days on his left small finger and this we see in Sheenathji’s swaroopam.

The great Sri Vallabacharyar initiated Shrinathji’s worship in the Vaishanava sampradaya of Pushtimarg and built a temple in Mount Govardhan in AD 1519.The legends have it that the idol of the Lord Krishna was being transferred to safer place from Vrindaban to protect it from the destructive wrath of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. And the Lord chose this place, Shri Nathdwara (a pathway to Lord Shri Krishna), 20 miles away from Udaipur.

The Lord is worshipped by everyone in the form of sevas which are offered out of sheer love for the deity, than the formal pujas and this process of spontaneous development of love for Krishna is referred to as “Pushti Marga” or the nourishing path. Shrinathji is worshipped as a living deity at his Haveli at Nathdwara. The total worship is done as had established by Shri vallabacharya – his clothing, food preparations, way of seva, celebration of festivals etc., His dress follows many styles - Muslim, Brajwasi, Rajasthani; as He has followers from a long time ago in many states and religions.

Shrinathji gives Darshan eight times a day – Ashtyaam sewa, and each darshanam timings are no more than 15 minutes. He lives in the form of a small child, all His Darshans are regulated accordingly. From morning when he is woken up till he goes to bed – there are eight Darshans open to bhakthas – Mangla, Shringar,Gwala, Rajbhog, Utthapan, Bhog, Sandhya Aarthi and Shayan. As Govardhan Parvat has eight doors. Shrinathji has Ashta Sakha-s – They are the eight poet friends, who wrote and sang various bhajans on Shrinathji and each are used today with each Darshan.

All his bhog is prepared to the various seasons and days – only black pepper and rock salt is used in his food, and no chillies. A lot of sugar is added for his sweet preparations; during hot summer months he is offered water with chandan and rose and in winters with Kesar. No one is allowed to watch Him when he takes His meals. There have been times when He refuses to accept certain ornaments or vastra. It is believed that if he has pushed them away three times, it is assumed that Shrinathji does not want this. A new pair of the same is always kept ready, which is then used. New Vastra are used daily for Shrinathji and none of his clothes are repeated! Unlike the other Hindu temples, there is no Gopuram on the the top; over his Nij Mandir there is a roof top with the Dhajaji flying, and His Sudarshan Chakra.

In addition to the eight Darshanams, the eight-syllable mantra, śri kṛṣṇaḥ śaraṇaṃ mama (Lord Krishna is my refuge) of Shri Vallabacharyar is the main mantra which will get rid of all the impurities of the soul. Srimad Vallabacharya belonged to a telugu family and his bhakti was more than devotion and he sees Lord everywhere and everything. The Madhurashtakam, composed by Sri Vallabhacharya (1478 A.D), is a unique stotra, describing the Sweetness of Lord Sri Krishna. It is interesting to note that in Madhurashtakam, which is an eight stanza hymn in Sanskrit – one adjective - "Madhuram" is repeated seven times each in stanza!

Adharam Madhuram, Vadanam Madhram,
Nayanam Madhuram, Hasitham Maduram,
Hrudhayam Madhuram, Gamanam Maduram,
Madhuradhipather Akhilam Madhuram.


Sweet are thine lips, Krishna,
So are thine sweet cherubic face,
Sweet are thine jet black eyes, Krishna
So is thine soulful laugh,
Sweet is thine loving heart, Krishna
So is thine beautiful gait,
Hey king of all sweetness in this world,
Everything about Thee is sweet.

Whilst listening to a discourse of Bhakta Meera of Vishaka Hari, she narrated a story of Surdas at Srinathji temple. Surdas was a blind poet and he was sitting behind the curtain with the rest of the people, waiting for the Lord to be dressed up and the curtain to be opened. Surdas started describing the Lord, the clothes and decorations He was wearing. After the curtain was opened the description in the song fit the Lord exactly!

May the Lord bless us all to have all the eight Darshans when in Nathdwara!